The world could be heading towards one of the strongest El Niño events in decades, raising concerns about extreme heat, flooding, drought and damage to vulnerable communities, the United Nations has warned.
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) says the developing El Niño could continue until at least February 2027. Forecasts indicate that sea-surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific may climb close to 4°C above normal, potentially making the event the strongest recorded since at least 1950.
Extreme Weather Risk Rising
El Niño is a natural climate pattern that develops when unusually warm Pacific Ocean water moves eastward, affecting weather systems across the globe. It can increase the risk of drought in some areas while bringing heavier rainfall, flooding and powerful storms to others.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres described the phenomenon as a “supersized” El Niño and warned that the planet is entering increasingly dangerous territory as global temperatures are already being pushed higher by climate change.
The WMO has launched a major effort to distribute forecasts and warnings to communities that could face severe weather. Governments are also strengthening early-warning systems and preparing medical assistance before disasters strike.
Australia Faces Marine Heat Threat
Australia is among the countries watching the situation closely. Warmer oceans have already contributed to marine heatwaves, coral bleaching and harmful algae outbreaks.
Scientists are particularly concerned about southern Australia, where marine heatwaves could intensify this summer. Previous events in South Australia and Tasmania have been linked to fish deaths, starving penguins, large algae outbreaks and unusual jellyfish invasions.
Although the Great Barrier Reef may avoid the worst conditions this year, scientists say the broader impact of a powerful El Niño could still be significant for ecosystems and communities worldwide.
